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The Caliphate
Caliphate (Arabic: خلافة Kila-fah) is what the Muslim call the leading government that unites them all under one empire, led by a Muslim commander called the Caliph (Arabic: خليفة Kali-fah), who is privileged by the title Amir al-Mu'minin, meaning the Commander of the Believers.
"The Caliphate is the first system of governance established in Islam. It is a constitutional republic, which means that the rulers are bound by a set of laws which they cannot break at a whim, and the people have the right to appoint their leader through their local leaders and should the leaders divert from their obligations as vicegerents, the people have the right to remove them."
Caliphate (Arabic: خلافة Kila-fah) is what the Muslim call the leading government that unites them all under one empire, led by a Muslim commander called the Caliph (Arabic: خليفة Kali-fah), who is privileged by the title Amir al-Mu'minin, meaning the Commander of the Believers.
"The Caliphate is the first system of governance established in Islam. It is a constitutional republic, which means that the rulers are bound by a set of laws which they cannot break at a whim, and the people have the right to appoint their leader through their local leaders and should the leaders divert from their obligations as vicegerents, the people have the right to remove them."
The Rightly Guided
The first four Caliphs were called Al-Rashidun, meaning the Rightly Guided. These Caliphs were: Abu-Bakr, Umar, Uthman , and Ali. They were all companions of the Prophet Muhammad (SWA) the son of Abdullah.
The first four Caliphs were called Al-Rashidun, meaning the Rightly Guided. These Caliphs were: Abu-Bakr, Umar, Uthman , and Ali. They were all companions of the Prophet Muhammad (SWA) the son of Abdullah.
Muawiyya's Monarchy
After the period of ruling by the Rightly Guided Caliphs, Muawiyya (another companion of the Prophet (SWA), the son of Abu Sufyan "the head of Quraish tribe that ruled Mecca back then in the sixth century", appointed himself Caliph. Muawiyya was the first Caliph to appoint himself leader without any election, and therefore changed the democracy into a monarchy. The Umayyad empire was born. It only lasted around 88 years.
After the period of ruling by the Rightly Guided Caliphs, Muawiyya (another companion of the Prophet (SWA), the son of Abu Sufyan "the head of Quraish tribe that ruled Mecca back then in the sixth century", appointed himself Caliph. Muawiyya was the first Caliph to appoint himself leader without any election, and therefore changed the democracy into a monarchy. The Umayyad empire was born. It only lasted around 88 years.
The Abbasids
The Abbasids then took over (descendants of the uncle of the Prophet (SWA). The Disorder was prevalent during the Abbasids' rule and thus the Muslim land was torn apart many times by other dynasties trying to create their own ruling. After 508 years of instability, claim of self-governing, and Sultans (that took the place of governors) the Mongols destroyed the entire empire and slaughtered everyone in the city of Baghdad.
The Abbasids then took over (descendants of the uncle of the Prophet (SWA). The Disorder was prevalent during the Abbasids' rule and thus the Muslim land was torn apart many times by other dynasties trying to create their own ruling. After 508 years of instability, claim of self-governing, and Sultans (that took the place of governors) the Mongols destroyed the entire empire and slaughtered everyone in the city of Baghdad.
The Ottoman Empire
"Not long after that, the Turkish Ottomans established their rule over the land of Turkey nowadays and then marched on to add the Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and Jordan) to their empire. They declared themselves Caliphs as they included Egypt afterwards and what was under the rule of the Mamluks in Egypt, that included Arabia and Sudan and North Africa). The Ottomans eventually collapsed on the hands of the Young Turks, who were working for years to destroy the Caliphate for their own benefit and for some European countries benefits as well."
"Not long after that, the Turkish Ottomans established their rule over the land of Turkey nowadays and then marched on to add the Levant (Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, and Jordan) to their empire. They declared themselves Caliphs as they included Egypt afterwards and what was under the rule of the Mamluks in Egypt, that included Arabia and Sudan and North Africa). The Ottomans eventually collapsed on the hands of the Young Turks, who were working for years to destroy the Caliphate for their own benefit and for some European countries benefits as well."